Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban 2.0 launches National Behaviour Change Communication Framework for Garbage Free Cities
Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban 2.0, by Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, has launched the ‘National Behaviour Change Communication Framework for Garbage Free Cities’ to strengthen the ongoing jan andolan for ‘Garbage Free Cities’.
National Behaviour Change Communication Framework for Garbage Free Cities
- It shall serve as a guiding document and blueprint for States and Cities to undertake large scale multimedia campaigns along with intensive and focused inter-personal communication campaigns.
About Swachh Bharat Mission:
- It is a country-wide campaign initiated by the Government in 2014 to eliminate open defecation and improve solid waste management.
- It is a restructured version of the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan launched in 2009.
- Phase 1 of the Swachh Bharat Mission lasted till October 2019.
- Phase 2 is being implemented between 2020–21 and 2024–25.
- Aim: to achieve an "open-defecation free" (ODF) India by 2 October 2019, the 150th anniversary of the birth of Mahatma Gandhi through construction of toilets.
- The objectives of the first phase of the mission:
- Eradication of manual scavenging.
- Generating awareness and bringing about a behaviour change regarding sanitation practices.
- Building capacity at the local level.
- Under the scheme, the Government provides subsidies for constructing toilets, waste management structures, and awareness campaigns to bring behaviour change.
- The campaign is financed by the Government of India and state governments.
- The mission is split into two: Rural and Urban.
- In rural areas "SBM - Gramin" is financed and monitored through the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
- In Urban areas "SBM - urban" is overseen by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs.
Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban 2.0
Special initiatives and projects under the Swachh Bharat Mission
| Initiative | About |
|---|---|
| Namami Gange | Initiative of Ministry of Water Resources. Making Ganga river bank villages ODF Solid & Liquid waste managment initiative undertaken by Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation |
| Swachhata Action Plan (SAP) | Inter ministerial programme for Swachhta with appropriate budget provisions. |
| Swachhata Pakhwada (SP) | Fortnight of intense focus on the issues and practices of Swachhta by engaging GOI ministries in their jurisdications |
| Swachh Swasth Sarvatra (SSS) | Focussing on WASH parameters in selected hospitals, Priority ODF action in areas around identified health centers, and Advanced sanitation training for doctors and health workers |
| Rashtriya Swachhata Kendra | Creating awareness about sanitation matters and advanced toiled technology among people |
| Swacch Iconic Places (SIP) | A multi stakeholder initiative aims at cleaning up 100 places across India that is iconic because of its heritages, relgious and/ or cultural significance |
| Swachh Survekshan | It is a ranking exercise done by central government to assess rural and urban areas for their levels of cleanliness and active implementation of Swachhata mission initiatives in a timely and innovative manner |
Previous sanitation campaigns
- A formal sanitation programme - 1954
- Central Rural Sanitation Programme - 1986
- Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) - 1999
- Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan
Achievements of SBM
- The NARSS confirmed the Open Defecation Free (ODF) status of 90.7% of villages which were previously declared and verified as ODF by various districts/States.
- 1% of households were found to have access to toilets during the survey period (the corresponding figure as per the SBMG MIS in November 2018 was 96%)
- 5% of the people who had access to toilets used them.
- 7% of villages which were previously declared and verified as ODF were confirmed to be ODF. The remaining villages also had sanitation coverage of about 93%.
- 4% of the villages surveyed found to have a minimal litter and minimal stagnant water.
Exam Track
Prelims Takeaway
- AMRUT 2.0
- SBM 2.0
- National Behaviour Change Communication Framework for Garbage Free Cities
- Rashtriya Swachhata Kosh
- Swachch vidyalaya abhiyaan
Mains Track
Q. ‘Swachh Bharat has become a people’s movement’. Examine the given statement in the context of the outcome of the Swachh Bharat Mission so far. Also, discuss the impact of SBM on the lives of the ordinary citizen.