President Ram Nath Kovind greets people of nine states on formation day

• President Ram Nath Kovind has greeted the people of Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Lakshadweep, and Puducherry on the formation day.
• Indian constitution empowers the Union government to create new states out of existing states or two merge one state with other. This process is called reorganisation of the states.
• The basis of reorganisation could be linguistic, religious, ethnic or administrative.

The state of Andhra Pradesh was formed on November 1, 1956.

• Through the States Reorganization Act of 1956, the state of Hyderabad was split up, and its Telugu-speaking districts (constituting Telangana) joined with the Andhra state.

Chhattisgarh formerly part of Madhya Pradesh it was granted statehood on November 1, 2000.

• It is the 9th-largest state in India, with an area of 135,192 km2 (52,198 sq mi).
• As of 2021, it has a population of roughly 30 million (3 crores), making it the 17th most populated state in the country.
• The state was formed by the partition of ten Chhattisgarhi and six Gondi-speaking districts in the southeast of Madhya Pradesh.
• Its capital city is Raipur.

Haryana is a state in India located in the northern-part of the country, which was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 November 1966 the Punjab Reorganisation Act (1966).

• The Indian government set up the Shah Commission under the chairmanship of Justice JC Shah on 23 April 1966 to divide the existing state of Punjab and determine the boundaries of the new state of Haryana after consideration of the languages spoken by the people.
• It is ranked 21st in terms of area, with less than 1.4% (44,212 km2 or 17,070 sq mi) of India's land area.
• The state capital is Chandigarh

Karnataka is a state in South India, that was formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act.

• Originally known as the State of Mysore, it was renamed Karnataka in 1973.
• The state corresponds to the Carnatic region.
• Its capital and largest city is Bangalore.

Kerala is a state on the Malabar Coast of India, that was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Cochin, Malabar, South Canara, and Travancore.

• Kerala is the twenty-first largest Indian state by area.
• Kerala is the thirteenth-largest Indian state by population.
• It is divided into 14 districts with the capital being Thiruvananthapuram.

The present-day Madhya Pradesh state came into existence on 1 November 1956 following the reorganization of states.

• It was created by merging the erstwhile Madhya Pradesh (without the Marathi speaking areas, which were merged with Bombay state), Madhya Bharat, Vindhya Pradesh and Bhopal states.
• Its capital is Bhopal, and the largest city is Indore

Following independence of India, several small Punjabi princely states, including Patiala, acceded to the Union of India and were united into the PEPSU.

• In 1956 this was integrated with the state of East Punjab to create a new, enlarged Indian state called simply ""Punjab"".
• Punjab Day is celebrated across the state on 1 November every year marking the formation of a Punjabi language speaking state under the Punjab Reorganisation Act (1966).

On 1 November 1956, during the reorganization of Indian states, the Lakshadweep islands were separated from Malabar District and organised into a separate union territory for administrative purposes.

• The new territory was called Laccadive, Minicoy, and Amindivi Islands before adopting the Lakshadweep name on 1 November 1973.
• The headquarters of the new union territory remained at Kozhikode for nearly a decade until 1964.
• In 1964, the seat of administrator of the islands was shifted to Kavaratti.

It was on November 1, 1954 that Puducuherry and outlying regions of Karaikal, Mahe and Yanam merged de facto with India after transfer of power from the French regime, after which they became Union Territories.

• Historically known as Pondicherry (Pāṇṭiccēri), the territory changed its official name to Puducherry on 20 September 2006