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Parvatmala-An efficient and safe alternate transport network

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Parvatmala-An efficient and safe alternate transport network

  • Government has decided to develop Ropeways in hilly areas of the country.
  • Union Finance Minister while presenting Union Budget for 2022-23 announced National Ropeways Development Programme – “Parvatmala” .
  • This will be taken up on PPP mode and will be a preferred ecologically sustainable alternative in place of conventional roads in difficult hilly areas.

Need for Ropeways

  • Developing an efficient transport network is a big challenge in hilly areas.
  • The rail and air transport networks are limited in these areas, while the development of road network has technical challenges.
  • In this backdrop, Ropeways have emerged as a convenient and safe alternate transport mode.

Expansion of developmental ambit of MoRTH

  • The Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MoRTH) has so far been responsible for development of Highways and regulating the road transport sector across the country.
  • However, in February 2021, the Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules 1961 was amended, which enables the Ministry to also look after the development of Ropeways and Alternate Mobility Solutions.
  • The move will give a boost to the sector by setting up a regulatory regime.
  • The Ministry will also have responsibility for development of ropeway and alternative mobility solutions technology, as well as construction, research, and policy in this area.
  • Formulation of institutional, financial, and regulatory framework for the technology will also fall under the ambit of this allocation.

Major factors driving ropeway infrastructure

Economical mode of transportation

  • Given that ropeway projects are built in a straight line over a hilly terrain, it also results in lower land acquisition costs. Hence, despite having a higher cost of construction per km than roadways, ropeway projects’ construction cost may happen to be economical than roadways.

Faster mode of transportation

  • Owing to the aerial mode of transportation, ropeways have an advantage over roadway projects where ropeways can be built in a straight line, over a hilly terrain.

Environmentally friendly

  • Low dust emissions. Material containers can be designed so as to rule out any soiling of the environment.

Last mile connectivity

  • Ropeway projects adopting 3S (a kind of cable car system) or equivalent technologies can transport 6000-8000 passengers per hour.

Benefits of ropeways

Ideal for difficult / challenging / sensitive terrain

  • Long rope spans: The system crosses obstacles like rivers, buildings, ravines, or roads without a problem.
  • Ropes guided over towers: Low space requirements on the ground, and no barrier for humans or animals.

Economy

  • Ropeway having multiple cars propelled by a single power-plant and drive mechanism.
  • This reduces both construction and maintenance costs.
  • The use of a single operator for an entire ropeway is a further saving, in labour cost.
  • On level ground, the cost of ropeways is competitive with narrow-gauge railroads; in the mountains the ropeway is far superior.

Flexible

  • Transport of different materials - A ropeway allows for the simultaneous transport of different types of material.

Ability to handle large slopes

  • Ropeways and cableways (cable cranes) can handle large slopes and large differences in elevation.
  • Where a road or railroad needs switchbacks or tunnels, a ropeway travels straight up and down the fall line.
  • The old cliff railways in England and ski resort ropeways in the mountains take advantage of this feature.

Low footprint

  • The fact that only narrow-based vertical supports are needed at intervals, leaving the rest of the ground free, makes it possible for ropeways to be constructed in built-up areas and in places where there is intense competition for land use.

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