How MPs ask questions in Lok Sabha
- Recently, the Lok Sabha Speaker had referred the bribe-for-query complaint against MP Mahua Moitra to the Ethics Committee of the Lower House.
- The BJP MP had accused Mahua Moitra of accepting money from a businessman to ask questions in Parliament.
The Question Hour
- When in session, the Lok Sabha generally starts with Question Hour.
- It is a one hour time period provided to MPs to ask questions and hold ministers accountable for the functioning of their ministries.
Procedure for raising Questions in Lok Sabha
- Existing Rules
- The procedure for raising questions is governed by
- Rules 32 to 54 of the “Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha” and
- Directions 10 to 18 of the “Directions by the Speaker, Lok Sabha‟.
- Procedure
- To ask a question, an MP has to first give a notice addressed to the lower house’s Secretary General, intimating their intention to ask a question.
- The notice usually contains the following
- the text of the question
- the official designation of the Minister to whom the question is addressed
- the date on which the answer is desired
- the order of preference, in case the MP tables more than one notice of questions for the same day.
- Number of Questions
- A Member is allowed to give not more than five notices of questions, both for oral and written answers, in all, for any day.
- Usually, the period of notice of a question is not less than 15 days.
- Ways through which MPs can submit the notices of their Questions
- Through an online ‘Member’s Portal’, where they have to enter their ID and password to get access.
- Through the printed forms available in the Parliamentary Notice Office.
- Role of Speaker
- After submission of the notices, the Speaker of Lok Sabha examines the notices of the questions in the light of the laid out rules.
- It is the Speaker, who decides if a question, or a part thereof, is or isn’t admissible.
Conditions for the Admissibility of Questions
- Questions shall not ordinarily contain more than 150 words.
- They shouldn’t contain arguments, defamatory statements, refer to the character or conduct of any person except in their official or public capacity.
- Queries raising larger issues of policy are not allowed.
- Because it is not possible to enunciate policies within the limited compass of an answer to a question.
- A question isn’t admissible if its subject matter is pending judgement before any court of law or any other tribunal or body set up under law or is under consideration before a Parliamentary Committee.
- A query also can’t seek information on matters which may weaken the unity and integrity of the country.
Different Types of Questions
- Starred Questions
- A starred question is asked by an MP and answered orally by the Minister-in-charge.
- Each MP is allowed to ask one starred question per day.
- It has to be submitted at least 15 days in advance (so that the Minister-in-charge has the time to prepare the answers).
- Only 20 questions can be listed for oral answers on a day.
- When a question is answered orally, supplementary questions can be asked thereon.
- They are better suited to inquire about the government’s views on issues and its policy inclination.
- Unstarred Questions
- An unstarred question receives a written reply from the Ministry.
- These also need to be submitted at least 15 days in advance.
- Only 230 questions can be listed for written answers in a day.
- Unlike starred questions, unstarred questions don’t permit any follow-up questions.
- They are more conducive for getting answers to queries related to data or information.
- Short-notice Questions
- Short notice questions are ones pertaining to a matter of urgent public importance.
- They can be asked with less than 10 days notice, with reasons for the short notice.
- Like a starred question, they are answered orally, followed by supplementary questions.
- Questions addressed to Private Members
- The question to a private Member is addressed to the MP themselves.
- It is asked when the subject matter pertains to any Bill, Resolution or any matter relating to the Business of the House for which that MP is responsible.
Importance of raising Questions
- Asking questions is an inherent and unfettered parliamentary right of an MP.
- The exercise is meant to act as a parliamentary device to practise legislative control over executive actions.
- It can be used to
- get information on aspects of administration and government activity
- criticise government policies and schemes
- throw light on government lapses
- push ministers to take substantive steps for the common good
- The government can use these questions to gauge public reaction to their policies and administration.
- At times, questions lead to the formation of a parliamentary commission, a court of enquiry or even the enactment of a legislature.