Free Movement Regime at Myanmar border to end soon, entry into India will need visa

• The Indian government recently decided to terminate the Free Movement Regime (FMR) along the India-Myanmar border.

Free Movement Regime (FMR)

• The FMR was established in 2018 under the Act East policy.
• It facilitates the movement of tribes residing along the India-Myanmar border up to 16 km into each other's territory without requiring a visa.
• It allows members of hill tribes to cross over with a border pass, valid for one year, and stay for up to two weeks.
• The India-Myanmar border spans 1,643 km across the states of Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh.

Government's Strategy

• The decision comes as part of a broader plan to enhance border security by implementing an advanced smart fencing system throughout the entire India-Myanmar border.
• Reasons for Ending FMR
  • To curb the misuse of the FMR by insurgent groups for attacks on the Indian side and then escape into Myanmar.
  • To address concerns related to illegal immigration, drug trafficking and gold smuggling along the border.

Chief Minister's Call for Termination

• The Manipur Chief Minister had earlier urged the Centre to permanently end the FMR in September 2023, citing concerns about illegal immigration.
• The state is actively working towards implementing a National Register of Citizens and reinforcing the border with Myanmar, especially in Manipur.
  • Only about 10 km of the 390 km border is currently fenced in Manipur.

Impact and Future Plans

• The introduction of smart fencing and the termination of the FMR are expected to
  • Strengthen border security
  • Address security concerns
  • Regulate the movement of individuals across the India-Myanmar border
• The government's focus on enhancing security measures aligns with broader geopolitical considerations and national interests.

Prelims Takeaway

• Free Movement Regime (FMR)
• Act East Policy
• National Register of Citizens
• Location Based Questions